list of dictatorship countries

[9], Gugiu & Centellas developed the Democracy Cluster Classification Index that integrates five democracy indicators (including the DD dataset, Polity dataset), clustering 24 American and 39 European regimes over 30 years.[2]. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). Therefore, it is impossible to know if the regime is a democracy or a dictatorship, so DD Index considers them dictatorships until an alternation in power occurs. While the People's Republic of China was initially aligned with the Soviet Union, relations between the two countries deteriorated as the Soviet Union underwent de-Stalinization in the late-1950s. The dictatorship was revived 120 years later by Sulla after his crushing of a populist movement, and 33 years after that by Julius Caesar. Some of the principal drivers of indoctrination are mass education policies, propaganda, and censorship. [27], One-party dictatorships are more stable than other forms of authoritarian rule, as they are less susceptible to insurgency and see higher economic growth. An appropriate example of this occurred in 2020 when Russian president Vladimir Putin and his party introduced amendments to the country's constitution that reworked term limits, enabling Putin to remain in power until 2036. The government was described as a dictatorship of the proletariat in which power was exercised by soviets. Current dictatorships include Russia, Equatorial New Guinea, and North Korea. [98], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. If you're looking for the names of countries with dictatorship governments then you're in the right place. China's constitution calls its government a "people's democratic dictatorship." Organized opposition is a threat to the stability of a dictatorship, as it seeks to undermine public support for the dictator and calls for regime change. In the 19th century, settlers slowly and hesitantly began to establish themselves in. The terms "autocrat" and "autocracy" are often used interchangeably with "dictator" and "dictatorship". The . List Of Communist Countries Today - WorldAtlas Dictatorships have arisen throughout history, usually in times of crisis. Other countries with dictatorships and authoritarian rule, such as Cuba, Syria, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Belarus, could also be considered totalitarian governments. In 1989, the Soviet Union was dissolved, and communism was abandoned by the countries of Central and Eastern Europe through a series of revolutions. List Of Dictatorship Countries & Countries Ruled by Dictator - Ranker Political control is any tactic through which the state seeks to gain compliance from society. Many of these governments fell under the control of caudillos, or personalist dictators. the dictatorship of the proletariat had to be preserved in the socialist countries to assure that the reeducated minds of the workers already lucky enough to live under socialism were not re-infected by capitalist ideas coming in from outside the people's collectivist . Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. Photo: Lars Klove. A dictatorship is an authoritarian structure of government. If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. 10 Absolute Worst African Dictators - Afrikanza Below are the world's most authoritarian regimes: 21. (Dictator of Italy and Principal Founder of Fascism Who Was Prime Minister of Italy from 1922 to 1943.) Dictatorships suffer from an obvious and significant imbalance of power. [59] Shoguns were de facto military dictators in Japan beginning in 1185 and continuing for over six hundred years. The group may be military or political, it may be organized or disorganized, and it may disproportionately represent a certain demographic. This is a list of countries, nations, and states governed or ruled by a dictatorship, is sorted alphabetically and contains some information about each nation, such as the capital, and even the official language or currency of the country. Repression can encompass actual or threatened physical violence such as arrests, assassinations, torture, beatings, disappearances, mass killings, and forced exile. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index has the main regime types of "democracy" and "dictatorship" and three sub-types for each as well. While autocratic countries are not always malevolent, they often still encounter resistance from citizens who would prefer to have a greater say in the government's policy-making process. Therefore, the entire country operates on the whims of that one person. [132] Foreign intervention takes place when another country seeks to topple a regime by invading the country or supporting the opposition. The worst communist dictators and the things they've done - thevintagenews 10 African countries That are currently ruled by dictators. One of the reasons for this is the fact that the military often has more cohesion and institutional structure than most of the civilian institutions of society. [79] Fascism developed in Europe as a rejection of liberalism, socialism, and modernism, and the first fascist political parties formed in the 1920s. Many are noted for their cruelty, while others are honored as national heroes. The number of countries ruled by military dictatorships began to fall sharply after the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s. [67] In Europe it was often thought of in terms of Bonapartism and Caesarism, with the former describing the military rule of Napoleon and the latter describing the imperial rule of Napoleon III in the vein of Julius Caesar. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders - YouTube North Korea is one of the clearest examples of a totalitarian government. [32], One-party dictatorships became prominent in Asia and Eastern Europe during the Cold War as communist governments were installed in several countries. Dictatorship Countries List? - The Divine Writer In the last six years alone, at least 26 African countries have experienced transfers of power. United Arab Emirates 2.69/10. Democracies are classified by the rules in which executives can be appointed or removed and can be either presidential, mixed or semi-presidential, or parliamentary. List of Cons of Dictatorships. [94], Marxist and nationalist movements became popular in Southeast Asia as a response to colonial control and the subsequent Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia, with both ideologies facilitating the creation of dictatorships after World War II. Totalitarian Countries 2023 - worldpopulationreview.com Even in today's modern world, where freedom is prized and respected, you will still find examples of dictatorship governments around the globe. [148], Terrorism is less common in dictatorships. [1][3] Resorting to democratic concepts by Karl Popper and Joseph Schumpeter, Przeworski defended the minimalist approach, citing Popper that "the only system in which citizens can get rid of governments without bloodshed. The country is bordered in the northeast by Tunisia, in the east by Libya, in the west by Morocco, in the southwest by Western Sahara, Mauritania, and Mali, in the southeast by Niger, and in the north by the Mediterranean Sea. Interestingly, most modern dictatorships do not use the term "dictator" to. Mao consolidated his control of the People's Republic of China with the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s, which involved the destruction of all elements of capitalism and traditionalism in China. 3. Those who believe that he is a dictator argue that he imprisons his opponents, removed freedom of speechthe press can only publish what he allows them toand has restructured the government to give himself more and longer-lasting power. Miguel Daz-Canel, the son of Ral Castro who replaced him as president of Cuba, has kept the dictatorship structure in place that was established by Fidel Castro during the Cuban revolution. [136], Dictatorships are typically more aggressive than democracy when in conflict with other nations, as dictators do not have to fear electoral costs of war. These individuals form an inner circle, making up a class of elites that hold a degree of power within the dictatorship and receive benefits in exchange for their support. [78], At the same time, nationalist movements grew throughout Europe. [139], Most dictatorships hold elections to maintain legitimacy and stability, but these elections are typically uncompetitive and the opposition is not permitted to win. Modern Dictatorships Between 1919 and 1939 there was a great reaction against democracy and dictatorship was established in many countries of the world. He assumed office in August 1979 and has remained in power since then. [1]:68 The figures at the left show the results in 1988 and 2008. [56] At least 85 such dictators were chosen over the course of the Roman Republic, the last of which was chosen to wage the Second Punic War. Which countries have dictatorship government? - Sage-Answers This type of vote is termed a constructive vote of no confidence. [127], Indoctrination is the inculcation of citizens on specific values and ideas beneficial to the dictatorships needs and desires. Bettmann Archive / Getty Images. Its purpose is to collect information, mobilize society, and induce compliance with the dictatorships directives. An alternation in power under electoral rules identical to the ones that brought the incumbent to office must have taken place. Dominant-party dictatorships or electoral authoritarian dictatorships are one-party dictatorships in which opposition parties are nominally legal but cannot meaningfully influence government. China - Communist Regime 4. [81] These reforms incorporated totalitarianism, fealty to the state, expansionism, corporatism, and anti-communism. Russia is a federal semi-presidential republic and an oligarchy. Qatar - Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Bin Jabr Al-Thani Russia - Vladimir Putin, President of Russia Rwanda - Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda Saudi Arabia - King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz, King of Saudi Arabia Somalia - Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, President of Somalia South Sudan - Salva Kiir Mayardit, President Some of the multi-party states with governing communist parties include Brazil, Nepal, India, and Russia. The dictatorship of Francisco Franco in Spain , from 1939 to 1975. They are not even defined terms of art within political science. Binary measure of democracy and dictatorship, Six-fold regime classification scheme and its rules, Comparison with other democracy-measuring data sets, Studies in Comparative International Development, "Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense", Przeworski, Alvarez, Cheibub, and Limongi: Democracy and development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&oldid=1141715357, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2023, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. [73] During World War II, Italy and Germany occupied several countries in Europe, imposing fascist puppet states upon many of the countries that they invaded. Adolf Hitler known for his Nazi party and the barbarities and fierceness during his autocracy rule. Hybrid dictatorships blend elements of the other four types. [75] Lenin was followed by Joseph Stalin in 1924, who consolidated total power and implemented totalitarian rule by 1929. [47] Personalist dictatorships also experience growth differently, as they often lack the institutions or qualified leadership to sustain an economy. Dictatorship: Its Types and Reasons | by Old Times - Medium #SOSCuba. [61] In Europe, the Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell, formed in 1649 after the Second English Civil War, has been described as a military dictatorship by its contemporary opponents and by some modern academics. Some of the most famous dictators in history include, of course, Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Nazi Germany from 1933-1945, Benito Mussolini, ruler of fascist Italy from 1922-1945, and Joseph Stalin,. 12 Examples of Fascism in History (2023) - Helpful Professor He was a German legislator, organizer of Nazi party and furthermore filled in as Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945. Although it is true that some dictators are far more strict and overbearing than others, as a rule, dictatorships tend to result in a loss of personal autonomy, quality of life, and political choice for everyday citizens. Imelda Marcos. [128]. Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) Joseph Stalin (1878-1953) Pol Pot (1925-1998) Heinrich Himmler (1900-1945) Saddam Hussein (1937-2006) Idi Amin (1952-2003) Is Venezuela a dictatorship? Democracy-Dictatorship (DD), index of democracy and dictatorship or simply the DD index or the DD datasets was the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. Elites in personalist dictatorships often do not have a professional political career and are unqualified for positions they are given. In fact, most dictators adopt common appellations such as "President" or "Prime Minister", so they must be identified via their actions and policies rather than their title. Uganda. Stability in a dictatorship is maintained through coercion and political repression, which involves the restriction of access to information, the tracking of the political opposition, and acts of violence. Dictators often employ illegal and/or immoral methods to maintain their power and control, including the use of secret police, indefinite arrests, and concentration camps. The Soviet economy became unsustainable, and communist governments lost the support of intellectuals. Due to it, the countries went towards dictatorship. Accused of crimes against humanity, Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death in 2006. [76][77] The Russian Revolution inspired a wave of left-wing revolutionary movements in Europe between 1917 and 1923, but none saw the same level of success. The fascist dictatorship of Benito Mussolini in Italy , from 1943 to 1945. When necessary, a dictator may also make an effort to replace or amend the nation's constitution to empower, enrich, or otherwise benefit the dictator and his/her allies to a greater degree. [111][112][113] Latin America saw a period of liberalization similar to that of Europe at the end of the Cold War, with Cuba being the only Latin American country that did not experience any degree of liberalization between 1992 and 2010. [50] Monarchies allow for strict rules of succession that produce a peaceful transfer of power on the monarch's death, but this can also result in succession disputes if multiple members of the royal family claim a right to succeed. [146], In a dictatorship, violence is used to coerce or repress all opposition to the dictator's rule, and the strength of a dictatorship depends on its use of violence. But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. [116] Dictatorships in the Middle East are primarily guided by Islamic nationalism. Like the two individuals above, Imelda Marcos gained her power through being the wife of a military dictator. In personalist dictatorships, the elite corps are usually made up of close friends or family members of the dictator, who typically handpicks these individuals to serve their posts. [1] Popularly elected means that the head of state is directly elected by the citizens or elected by an assembly which then elects them (an example being the electoral college in the United States). Latin American Dictators - Leaders in Complete Control - ThoughtCo A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. His wealth is estimated to be approximately $600 million. A dictator that has concentrated significant power is more likely to be exiled, imprisoned, or killed after ouster, and accordingly they are more likely to refuse negotiation and cling to power. [46], The shift in the power relation between the dictator and their inner circle has severe consequences for the behavior of such regimes as a whole. In the latter half of the 20th century, Latin America witnessed a rise in authoritarian regimes across the expanse of the regionoften with multiple dictators following different political . [149] Military and one-party dictatorships are more likely to experience terrorism than personalist dictatorships, as these regimes are under more pressure to undergo institutional change in response to terrorism.[150]. But by 1995, all the countries in the region, with the notable . [72] The societal upheaval caused by World War I and the unstable peace it produced further contributed to instability that benefited extremist movements and rallied support for their causes. A List of Female Dictators - Daily Kos While Thailand remains the world's last active military dictatorship, other notable examples of modern countries with histories of military rule include: Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Greece. [10] Political scientist Juan Jos Linz identifies a spectrum of political systems with democracies and totalitarian regimes separated by authoritarian regimes with varied classifications of hybrid systems. [4] A unified inner circle has the capacity to overthrow a dictator, and the dictator must make greater concessions to the inner circle to stay in power. Adolf Hitler - WORST DICTATOR. [92] Deng Xiaoping took power as the de facto leader of China after Mao's death and implemented reforms to restore stability following the Cultural Revolution and reestablish free market economics. [20][21] They are most common in developing nations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. The head of state may be unelected and still be classified as a democracy. [69], In the time between World War I and World War II, several dictatorships were established in Europe through coups which were carried out by far-left and far-right movements. There's no room for opposition or . For example, DD could classify a country which has a legislative assembly whose official name is "the parliament" but still classify it in any of the three categories. Latin America's new generation of dictators - DW - 01/12/2022 The Soviet Union occupied nationalist dictatorships in the east and replaced them with communist dictatorships, while others established liberal democratic governments in the Western Bloc. [142] Dictatorships may influence the results of an election through electoral fraud, intimidation or bribing of candidates and voters, use of state resources such as media control, manipulation of electoral laws, restricting who may run as a candidate, or disenfranchising demographics that may oppose the dictatorship. Nearly half of dictatorships start as a military coup, though others have been started by foreign intervention, elected officials ending competitive elections, insurgent takeovers, popular uprisings by citizens, or legal maneuvering by autocratic elites to take power within their government. Poverty has a destabilizing effect on government, causing democracy to fail and regimes to fall more often. [1] [138] A study found that dictatorships that engage in oil drilling are more likely to remain in power, with 70.63% of the dictators who engage in oil drilling still being in power after 5 years of dictatorship, while only 59.92% of the non-oil producing dictators survive the first 5 years. As the dictatorship becomes more established, it moves away from violence by resorting to the use of other coercive measures, such as restricting people's access to information and tracking the political opposition. Through the ages, Algeria, officially People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

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