which of the following best explains diffusion?

A fish that lives in salt water will have somewhat salty water inside itself. To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. Similarly, the medium in which diffusion occurs could also be in one of the three physical states. (Show the details. As an example, let's suppose we have a high concentration of sodium ions in the extracellular space (thanks to the hard work of the sodium-potassium pump). The phospholipid tails are ________, which make the plasma membrane impermeable to water. Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 14 & 15 Hw/Qui, Subject pronouns and at verb's conjugation ch, Mastering A&P Chapter 3 - Cells: The Living U, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations, Jean Phillips, Ricky W. Griffin, Stanley Gully. Based on the different types of land use shown in the image, which of the following best explains why soil salinization is a concern in the arid landscape shown? Active transport mechanisms can be divided into two categories. C. Secondary active transport occurs when the movement of one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. In this experiment, you will experience how temperature affects the mixing of food coloring drops with water. Direct link to priciaauy's post why wouldnt cells use atp, Posted 4 years ago. Imagine you have a cup that has \(100 \: \text{mL}\) water, and you add \(15 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. Biologydictionary.net Editors. One and a Half Century of Diffusion: Fick, Einstein, before and beyond. The plasma membrane is semipermeable, meaning that some things can enter the cell, and some things cannot. Image depicting the charge and ion distribution across the membrane of a typical cell. What conditions affect the diffusion of a substance in water? Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. For instance, when iodine is sublimated over a hot stove, purple fumes begin to appear and mix with air. This is an example of: Resting membrane potential is due to unequal concentrations of: Two types of active transport via vesicles are: Which of the following best describes secondary active transport? In an antiporter it uses the energy of the ions flowing down their concentration gradient. With the phosphate group gone, the pump will change back to its original form, opening towards the interior of the cell. Pour all of the water down the sink, and wash out the glasses. When deoxygenated blood is in your capillaries in your lungs, the oxygen in your lungs diffuses from a higher concentration in your lungs to the lower concentration in your blood. Here, the cell can't import glucose for free using diffusion, because the natural tendency of the glucose will be to diffuse out rather than flowing in.Instead, the cell must bring in more glucose molecules via active transport.In active transport, unlike passive transport, the cell expends energy (for example, in the form of ATP) to move a substance against its concentration gradient. Conversely, in active transport, the solute moves against the concentration gradient, from regions of lower to higher concentration. Most lettuce is produced, processed, and packaged for sale in supermarkets that are a significant distance from where the product was grown. Put it in freshwater, and the freshwater will, through osmosis, enter the fish, causing its cells to swell, and the fish will die. Do not mix or stir. No, because the potassium is highly concentrated in the cell, and so that's where the molecules must go(based on active transport going low concentration to high concentration). The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called ________. Diffusion Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster In secondary active transport, the two molecules being transported may move either in the same direction (i.e., both into the cell), or in opposite directions (i.e., one into and one out of the cell). Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between wheat and its early hearth of domestication? In this form, the pump really likes to bind (has a high affinity for) sodium ions, and will take up three of them. Which of the following is the best situation for maintaining homeostasis? If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in a(n): The total solute concentration of a red blood cell is about 2%. gradient? Both domesticated plants and animals spread across the globe through contagious diffusion in early years by farmers and traders, and later by relocation diffusion through European exploration and colonialism. An example of this is the way the noxious smell of ammonia gas spreads in air. Simple diffusion and osmosis do not involve transport proteins. Intensive agriculture is practiced in a Mediterranean climate. Put the food coloring back where you found it. Feedlots can minimize costs associated with livestock production because feedlots do not use as much space as cattle ranching. In an isotonic solution, the flow of water in and out of the cell is happening at the same rate. How is the , Posted 7 years ago. So the phospholipids are arranged in a double layer (a bilayer) to keep the cell separate from its environment. Each of these factors, independently and collectively can alter the rate and extent of diffusion. However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. For example, if a block of dry ice (carbon dioxide in solid form) is placed inside a box, carbon dioxide molecules in the center of the block mostly collide with each other and get retained within the solid mass. The second sugar solution is hypertonic to the first. Predict what will happen to a patient's red blood cells if you give the patient an IV of pure water. This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. ; Diffusion occurs in liquids and gases when their particles collide randomly and . The cell is therefore not completely permeable. Why Do Giant Pandas Have Low Libido? 1) The "sodium/glucose symporter", known as SGLT (sodium glucose linked transporter), receives the energy needed to perform its transport from the electrochemical gradient established by the sodium/potassium pump. Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? A power cycle operating at steady state receives energy by heat transfer at a rate QHatTH=1800K\dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}} \text { at } T_{\mathrm{H}}=1800 \mathrm{K}QHatTH=1800K and rejects energy by heat transfer to a cold reservoir at a rate QC\dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}QC at TC=600K.T_{\mathrm{C}}=600 \mathrm{K}.TC=600K. Because of the increased capital investment required to produce new crop varieties using technology that was pioneered in more developed countries, there was an increase in wealth disparity in many farming communities in less developed countries. This means that the dry ice (or even regular ice) will evaporate faster on a warmer day, simply because each molecule is moving with greater energy and is more likely to quickly escape the confines of a solid state. One of the main characteristics of diffusion is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. 266X15aX+baY+32b. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion that is helped along (facilitated by) a membrane transport channel. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Background. If the alveoli in our lungs fill with fluid (pulmonary edema), the distance the gases must travel increases, and their transport decreases. Glucose is the most commonly used energy source by human cells because (Points: 1) this is the most abundant macromolecule available for cellular respiration. Phosphorylation makes the pump change shape, re-orienting itself so it opens towards the extracellular space. Na+ Passive processes that move substances across membranes ________. Which of the following best explains the farming practice related to plantation agriculture? Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. O To edit the mRNA strand and make it ready to leave the nucleus. Direct link to liweiong272's post Main difference: In facil, Posted 6 years ago. This barrier is called the plasma membrane, or cell membrane. Spontaneous activity releases energy, non-spontaneous activity (like moving something against its concentration gradient) requires energy. The gradient is steep enough that potassium ions will move out of the cell (via channels), despite a growing negative charge on the interior. Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals. Which of the following best explains the reasons for the similarities and differences between the two land survey systems shown? Which of the following explains one of the negative consequences of the Green Revolution that would be of greater c, Runoff of agricultural chemicals into the local groundwater that pollutes water resources. "Permeable" means that anything can cross a barrier. Solved Which of the following BEST explains the difference - Chegg It mainly occur in liquid and gaseous substance as their particle can easily move from one place to another. Epinephrine diffuses through the plasma membrane; the hormone dimerizes in the cytosol. How To Prolong Ejaculation During Intercourse? Here, the cell can't import glucose for free using diffusion, because the natural tendency of the glucose will be to diffuse. Which of the following best explains why farmers would plant both strawberries and watermelons in the same field? He should be given a hypotonic drip to draw fluid out of his cells. Question 56. Never needs the presence of any other molecule C. Diffusion of every molecule is dependent on its concentration gradient and independent of the concentration of other molecular species in the medium D. All of the above, 2. thank you. Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory? Remember that there is water outside the cell, and the cytoplasm inside the cell is mostly water as well. Both farming practices require considerable labor input because the fruit is picked by hand, making it a product of intensive agriculture. For example, how might this play into why coffee and tea always start with hot water? Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia? The best explanation for the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication is option C. Contagious diffusion in the early years was a way of spreading from one person to the other. Though water is a polar molecule, it can also diffuse through the plasma membrane. Privacy Policy and Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. (a) Osmosis UEE Main-2020 (Septeimbern) (c) Diffusion (b) Reverse osmosis (d) Dialysis 26. The plasma membrane (see figure below) is made of a double layer of special lipids, known as phospholipids. This page titled 8.4: Osmosis and Diffusion is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation. When these molecules collide with one another, there is a change in the direction of movement as well as changes to momentum and velocity. Figure showing the transport cycle of the sodium-potassium pump. This results in crenation (shriveling) of the blood cell. The two images show different agricultural methods. The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication. At 3M, we discover and innovate in nearly every industry to help solve problems around the world. Which of the following best explains the differences between the patterns of land use in the township-and-range system and the long-lot system, as shown in the images? The cell membrane allows the cell to stay structurally intact in its water-based environment. Would remain unchanged B. Solution A and solution B are separated by a semipermeable membrane. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack The concentration of sodium ions is lower inside the cell than in the extracellular fluid, while the reverse is true for potassium ions. Passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane article 1. When the roommate told the Emergency Department doctor what had happened, the doctor quickly began administering IV (intravenous) fluids. Diffusion is a physical process that refers to the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Which of the following explains the prevalence of banana plantations in Central America? Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? Her much more prepared A&P student roommate quickly realized the problem and called an ambulance. But now you have two mixtures of different solute concentrations. You now add the two solutions to a beaker that has been divided by a semipermeable membrane, with pores that are too small for the sugar molecules to pass through, but are big enough for the water molecules to pass through. Which of the following best explains why in the model the amount of land used for dairying is much smaller than the pasture used for beef cattle? Which of the following best compares a technological consequence of the Green Revolution in more developed and less developed countries? The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Which of these statements about diffusion of molecules is true? Direct link to City Face's post Because a solute moving d, Posted 7 years ago. Grain farming is an extensive farming practice that can maximize profits in part by lower land costs, lower transportation costs, and imperishability of the product. (2009). If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV (intravenous) fluids, which of the following should you expect? This voltage will be maintained as long as K, For more explanation of how the voltage across the membrane is established, take a look at the. Because of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid, the molecule must be arranged in a specific pattern as only certain parts of the molecule can physically be in contact with water. For instance, in the example about the diffusion of iodine gas, if the crucible is placed in another closed container and iodine crystals are heated for an extended period of time, the rate at which the purple gas seems to disappear at the mouth of the crucible will reduce. They have the same charge, so it probably won't have something to do with that and Sodium is smaller than Potassium, so it seems like it should be easier!? The membrane potential of a typical cell is -40 to -80 millivolts, with the minus sign meaning that inside of the cell is more negative than the outside, As an example of how the membrane potential can affect ion movement, lets look at sodium and potassium ions. In any system, molecules are moving with a certain amount of kinetic energy. What process permits absorption of glucose into cells? There are certainly more numbers of potassium ions in the cells, but remember that there are greater numbers of sodium ions outside the cell (since for every three sodium ions moved out of the cells, two potassium ions enter the cell), therefore, resulting in a net positive charge outside the cell and net negative charge inside the cell. Banana plants were brought to Central America from Southeast Asia to be grown closer to markets in the United States and Canada. 60 seconds. Through a process of passive diffusion, without the active involvement of any other molecule oxygen passes through the capillary membrane and enters cells. How To Use Patchouli Oil For Erectile Dysfunction? No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. (2005). Which of the following best describes the survey methods used to delineate agricultural land and the associated settlement patterns shown in the tw. Which of the following best explains the spatial patterns illustrated in von Thnens model? And sodium is highly concentrated outside of the cell, so that's where it goes during active transport considering it is low to high concentration. Because diffusion happens from high concentration to low concentration, the more molecules are moving, the more opportunities they have to mix together. B. ribosome The function of the plasma membrane is to control what goes in and out of the cell. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Which cell junctions prevent substances from passing between adjacent cells? While they are confined to the smaller surface area within the crucible, the rate of diffusion remains low. this monosaccharide yields the most energy of all macromolecules. While this could be facilitated by other molecules, it does not directly involve high-energy molecules such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP). So something must protect the cell and allow it to survive in its water-based environment. Solution A and solution B are separated by a semipermeable membrane. By what endocytosis process do some white blood cells engulf bacteria? Which of the following is the main component of the cell membrane? What is required for its transport? This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. Direct link to tyersome's post Great question since pr, Posted 7 years ago. Hi, I'm just a little curious, why can't 3 potassium ions be pumped out and 2 sodium ions pumped in(the other way around)? The difference in the concentrations of the molecules in the two areas is called the concentration gradient. (2017, April 27). Secondary active transport involves the movement of water by osmosis into a cell. Similarly, if a canister of liquid nitrogen leaks a little, nitrogen gas that escapes would quickly diffuse into the atmosphere. Tea plantations were established in Sri Lanka by a former European colonial power. The membrane has pores and openings to allow the passage of specific molecules. A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is ________ to the cell. D. Golgi apparatus. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following?

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