why was france a threat to elizabeth in 1558

Many people refused to recognize Elizabeth as a legitimate heir because her mother was Anne Boleyn, who was Henry VIIIs second wife. Good explanation and link back to the question here at the end of the paragraph.]. 1558 -french threat. Looking back at historical examples, it might be because they did a . Marriage to a foreign prince would ensure a foreign alliance and would have strengthened England against threats from abroad. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. After inheriting the throne from her sister Mary I, Elizabeth was 300,000 in debt. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! She was able to fight off illness, rebellions . [Relative comparison made to inform the judgement here shows instantly criteria are being established, helping to signpost the rest of the answer.]. Why was France a threat? VAT reg no 816865400. They were not able to do this because the English used their greater manoeuvrability to stay out of range while firing broadsides (massive barrages of cannonballs) that could sink the Spanish ships. The war against France ended in 1559, and following Elizabeths accession, they tried to maintain good relations between the two countries. West Yorkshire, The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis of April 1559 between Spain and France was meant to be the start of lasting peace between the two. The early Tudors, 1485-1558 | Institute of Continuing Education (ICE) Elizabeth chose to give direct help to the rebels by signing the Treaty of Nonsuch, which placed the Netherlands under her protection and promised military help. One fact that should not be ignored from 1566 was the increasing role of the Pope and his determination to undermine Elizabeth. Throughout her reign, Elizabeth was engaged in expensive financial issues, especially foreign policy. - Threats of invasion or Elizabeth's authority were made worse by her financial situation. The Situation on Elizabeth's Accession | Mind Map - GoConqr The Spanish Armada sailed in 1588 and was completely defeated by the English. 214 High Street, She was then third in line behind her Roman Catholic half-sister, Princess Mary. The invasion failed, however. The victory over the Spanish was not just a military success for England, but it also helped to strengthen Elizabeths rule over the country. By this time radical Puritan sectaries were perceived to be . The powerful countries in Europe at that time - France and Spain - were Catholic and the plots against Elizabeth often . The threat of invasion was heavy as England was in the midst of strongly Catholic countries in Europe, who saw Elizabeth's Protestantism as a threat to their own countries and a major problem. William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley | English statesman . More significantly, she was worried she would have to adopt a secondary role in the running of her country, as the period was very patriarchal. They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and they were now being. The plan was discovered and the Earls feared being executed for treason, so in a desperate attempt to escape punishment, they rebelled against Elizabeth and tried to overthrow her. The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help). PDF What problems did Elizabeth face in 1558? - WordPress.com 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. This aimed to ensure poor relief was collected. Sir Francis Drake and the raid on Cadiz: `Singeing the King of Spains beard. Many of the rebel troops deserted while the two Earls fled to Scotland. They believed privy council members such as William Cecil had become too powerful and instead wanted to remove those they deemed evil and replace them with councillors more sympathetic to their causes. - send 2000 to rebels. Importantly though, the arrival of Mary Queen of Scots in England did more to embolden the threat of Catholicism. This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish. Her arrival and ultimate house arrest were the result of her having to flee Scotland. Queen Elizabeth showed no mercy to the rebels and the Earl of Northumberland along with 400 rebel troops were executed while the Earl of Westmorland fled abroad. The English sent 8 fireships loaded with flammable materials in the middle of the night towards the anchored Spanish ships. [This summary of factors helps re- establish conceptual focus]. The relative strength of France and weakness of England was further compounded by the fact that Elizabeth had to recognize the loss of Calais to France under the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis in 1559, following a disastrous English military campaign under the reign of Elizabeths predecessor, Mary I. Calais had been in English hands since 1347. Boston House, By spring 1588, the Spanish Armada was complete and King Phillip was ready to launch his, The Armada was a huge fleet consisting of, The Spanish also had thousands of more soldiers stationed in the Netherlands under the command of the. - I partly agree with the statement as both France and Spain were powerful Catholic countries, who could unite against Protestant England. LS23 6AD The plan was supported by various Catholic nobles, including the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland as this would mean Elizabeth (a Protestant) could be succeeded by a Catholic queen. Elizabeth made England protestant, which caused tension with the rest of Europe as they were heavily catholic (such as Spain and France). When Elizabeth came to the throne in 1558 her people were divided by religion. The plots involved European conspirators and were supported by France, Spain and even the Pope. Ridolfis plan was to make Mary queen by first assassinating Elizabeth and then marrying Mary to the Duke of Norfolk. Tudor Rebellions: Causes & Timeline - Video & Lesson Transcript - Study.com and reversing the religious settlement. In 1595 Elizabeth had to deal with a rebellion in Ireland led by Tyrone and O'Donnell. Describe two features of Elizabeth's religious settlement 1559 5. Doodle's Point of View Elizabeth was inheriting a terrible situation, which she had to sort out. Anyone refusing to pay poor rates could be imprisoned and officials failing to organise poor relief could be fined. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. Elizabeth hesitated for several months, however, eventually signed Marys death warrant. When Elizabeth's reign began in 1558 England was in the middle of a 'mid-Tudor crisis'. The Spanish had planned to come alongside their opponents and attempt to board their ships to try to overcome the enemy through hand-to-hand fighting. The Armadas journey back to Spain was a disaster. Although her small kingdom was threatened by grave internal divisions, Elizabeth's blend of shrewdness, courage, and majestic self-display inspired ardent expressions of loyalty and helped unify the nation against foreign enemies. There were two important reasons why France was seen as a threat to England. Following Marys death, there were no more major Catholic plots during Elizabeths reign. Spains naval and military strength was much greater than Englands at the time, so Elizabeth was reluctant to do anything that could damage their already fragile relationship and lead to open war with Spain.. Student / Elizabeth I: Facts About The 'Virgin Queen', Daughter Of Anne Boleyn Philip IIs decision to reorganise the Dutch government and church angered both the Dutch Catholics and the Protestants. He then banned English trade with the Netherlands for a period of time which damaged Englands economy and caused much hardship for the English people. LS23 6AD Native American hostility occurred from the start, however. It had to deal with Irish . This plot was supported by the Pope and King Phillip II, who agreed to provide troops for a Spanish invasion. The negotiations dragged on for four years with Elizabeth never giving a firm answer and Charles refusing to give up his Catholic faith. Another reason Dudley failed was a number of his officers were divided over questions of strategy. Northern Rebellion led by Earl of Westmorland. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. The treaty essentially allowed Elizabeth to focus on developing events in the Netherlands and not worry about protecting her northern border. Spain and France were the major European powers. Died: 24 March 1603. Francis Drake is knighted on the Golden Hind. Manage Settings Elizabeth I: facts for kids - National Geographic Kids However, the settlement was abandoned and no trace of the colonists was ever found. Topic guides / The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help). England and Spain had tried to remain on good terms but a growing rivalry between them led to increased tensions. [Clear link back to the question at the end of the paragraph here.]. Overview of Elizabeth I / Elizabeth's sister Mary I had lost this port back of Calais to the French in an unsuccessful war that England and Spain had fought against France Elizabeth wanted it back to demonstrate England's strength France and Spain were no longer at war and there was a real possibility they may unite against England. . Te Deums were sung in churches, bonfires lit, and "their was shott at the Tower that night above two thousand . Freshwater supplies were lost and many tons of food rotted as the fleet eventually sailed to England in 1588. As Catholics do not believe in divorce it means that the marriage between Henry and Catherine was never dissolved, and therefore, the marriage with Anne never happened, and as a result of this Elizabeth was an illegitimate child and had no right to the throne of England. Mary, Queen of Scots, flees from Scotland to England. 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Philip II and the Pope supported the plot that would involve the invasion of England by the Duke of Guise. Elizabeths legitimacy becomes a problem because of this marriage. A great threat was presented by Catholic opposition to Elizabeth's rule, but Mary's influence over this, and therefore the threat that she posed as an individual, may be called into question. Born 7th September 1533 , Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Oct 12, 2019 83 Dislike Podpast 106 subscribers Recap and review of the problems Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. A war would have to involve invasion because after 1558 England had no possessions in mainland Europe (Calais had been lost in 1558). Most of the fleet was then destroyed by storms. 14-16 / Elizabeth delayed the opening of this Parliament that had originally been summoned in the autumn of 1588 in response to the defeat of the Spanish Armada for as long as she could afford to, knowing that the Commons would be eager to broach two topics, religious debates and foreign policy, that she usually reserved to her prerogative. As the Spanish had lost these to Drake, they were forced to make their barrels from unseasoned wood, which couldnt preserve food or water very well. Here is an example answer to the following 16-mark question on the problem posed to Elizabeth I upon her accession arising from the question of legitimacy. -Elizabeth forced to impose strict penalties against Catholics (penal laws) which enforced religious settlement and protected England against Catholic influence. Elizabeth 1 - Foreign Policy - Revision Cards in A Level and IB History

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